---
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"id": "ASD-MAT-TESTS-MATTER",
"path": "/tests/matter",
"title": "物质：现象学验收要求",
"title_en": "Matter: Phenomenological Requirements",
"category": "物质与拓扑",
"summary": "十一项观测要求逐条记录：ASD 必须复现什么、已做什么、是否独立推导、能否区分。",
"template": "test",
"version": "1.0.0",
"updated": "2026-09-16",
"canonical": true,
"source_tier": "canonical",
"theory_status": "OPEN",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"locale": "zh",
"module_key": "matter-research",
"module_navigation": [
{
"path": "/theory/matter",
"label": "总览",
"en": "Overview"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/localization",
"label": "局域化",
"en": "Localization"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/topological-matter",
"label": "拓扑物质",
"en": "Topology"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/stability",
"label": "稳定性",
"en": "Stability"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/mass",
"label": "质量",
"en": "Mass"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/charge",
"label": "电荷",
"en": "Charge"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/spin",
"label": "自旋",
"en": "Spin"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/electron",
"label": "电子候选",
"en": "Electron"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/proton",
"label": "质子候选",
"en": "Proton"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/antimatter",
"label": "反物质",
"en": "Antimatter"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/creation",
"label": "创生",
"en": "Creation"
},
{
"path": "/theory/matter/annihilation",
"label": "湮灭",
"en": "Annihilation"
},
{
"path": "/tests/matter",
"label": "现象学要求",
"en": "Requirements"
}
],
"canonical_scope": "正式研究框架；粒子理论尚未闭合",
"source_chapter": "Chapter 4 / 第四章 · Chapter 5 / 第五章",
"source_reference": "Ch. 4 §§4.2, 4.4; external references separately identified",
"source_version": "MAT-d1034a344d58",
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"source_manifest": "matter-source-manifest.json",
"source_manifest_url": "/downloads/ASD_Matter_Source_Manifest.json",
"last_reviewed": "2026-09-16",
"depends_on": [
"/theory/matter/electron",
"/theory/matter/proton",
"/theory/matter/creation",
"/theory/matter/annihilation"
],
"related": [
"/theory/matter"
],
"open_problems": [
"/open-problems/matter/electron-solution",
"/open-problems/matter/mass-generation",
"/open-problems/matter/spin-statistics",
"/open-problems/matter/proton-structure",
"/open-problems/matter/mass-spectrum",
"/open-problems/matter/creation-annihilation"
],
"equations": [],
"sources": [
{
"label": "CH4-9587f3c44d39 · 第四章-ASD空间本体论-出版整理稿.docx",
"kind": "supplied-manuscript"
},
{
"label": "CH5-ca737ec4e327 · 第五章-出版整理稿.docx",
"kind": "supplied-manuscript"
},
{
"label": "CODATA 2022 · NIST",
"url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/wallet_2022.pdf",
"kind": "external-reference"
},
{
"label": "PDG 2025 · Electron",
"url": "https://pdg.lbl.gov/2025/listings/rpp2025-list-electron.pdf",
"kind": "external-reference"
},
{
"label": "Fan et al. · Electron magnetic moment (2023)",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.13084",
"kind": "external-reference"
},
{
"label": "OPAL · Photon-pair measurements at LEP",
"url": "https://www.weizmann.ac.il/particle/gross/publications",
"kind": "external-reference"
},
{
"label": "CODATA 2022 full adjustment · NIST",
"url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/JPCRD2022CODATA.pdf",
"kind": "external-reference"
},
{
"label": "Burke et al. · Multiphoton pair production (1997)",
"url": "https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1626",
"kind": "external-reference"
},
{
"label": "Jinnouchi, Asai & Kobayashi · Positronium decay (2003)",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0308030",
"kind": "external-reference"
}
],
"outline": [
"这是验收要求，不是 ASD 确认清单",
"电子性质",
"质子性质",
"反粒子与反应",
"怎样把一项要求变成检验"
],
"seo_title": "物质：现象学验收要求 | 各向异性空间动力学",
"canonical_url": "https://asd-physics.org/tests/matter",
"translation_path": "/en/tests/matter",
"mathematical_review": "INCOMPLETE",
"evidence_note": "NOT YET UNIQUELY TESTED · 已知粒子性质是验收要求，不是候选拓扑的验证。",
"experiments": [
{
"id": "mat-electron-mass",
"name": "电子静止质量",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "CODATA 2022：9.1093837139(28) × 10⁻³¹ kg。",
"asd": "完整构型的静止能量、平移惯性及引力响应；列清校准参数。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "已有能量与集体惯性框架；没有独立数值质量。",
"independent_derivation": "没有；用 me 固定尺度属于输入。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "CODATA 2022 · NIST"
},
{
"id": "mat-electron-charge",
"name": "电子电荷",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "电子电荷取 −e；SI 中 e = 1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹ C 为精确定义值。",
"asd": "整数拓扑到可测电流与远场通量的映射，并说明耦合归一化。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "有候选识别和条件性守恒；单位定义不验证机制。",
"independent_derivation": "部分条件结果；物理识别与耦合仍为输入。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "CODATA 2022 · NIST"
},
{
"id": "mat-electron-spin",
"name": "电子自旋与统计",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "PDG 2025 电子列表：J = 1/2。交换统计也是粒子理论必须满足的要求。",
"asd": "完整构型空间的旋转／交换路径与量子化，选出实际基态。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "SU(2) 与 FR 候选路线；未闭合自旋和统计联合推导。",
"independent_derivation": "没有；双覆盖本身不足。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "PDG 2025 · Electron"
},
{
"id": "mat-electron-moment",
"name": "电子异常磁矩",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "Fan 等（2023）：g/2 = 1.00115965218059(13)，此处 g 取正的大小约定。",
"asd": "由同一旋转带电构型算 g 及 ae = (g−2)/2，给出高阶与误差控制。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "未得到电流、角动量和量子修正的闭合计算。",
"independent_derivation": "没有；不得把 Dirac 或 QED 输出当作 ASD 结果。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "Fan et al. · Electron magnetic moment (2023)"
},
{
"id": "mat-electron-scattering",
"name": "电子散射尺度",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "OPAL 的 LEP 双光子测量与 QED 相符，并在指定修正模型中限制新尺度；不是几何半径的直接测量。",
"asd": "探针耦合、散射振幅或形状因子随动量转移的变化；注明模型和置信区间。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "缺少可散射的稳定 ASD 电子解；不把康普顿波长当作实测大小。",
"independent_derivation": "没有独立 ASD 形状因子。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "OPAL · Photon-pair measurements at LEP"
},
{
"id": "mat-proton-mass",
"name": "质子静止质量",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "CODATA 2022：1.67262192595(52) × 10⁻²⁷ kg；mp/me = 1836.152673426(32)。",
"asd": "共享本构参数下的质子与电子完整能量及质量比。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "6π 是内部绕转候选；未输出质量谱。",
"independent_derivation": "没有；分别拟合两个质量不预测质量比。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "CODATA 2022 · NIST"
},
{
"id": "mat-proton-moment",
"name": "质子磁矩",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "CODATA 2022：μp/μN = 2.79284734463(82)。",
"asd": "同一质子解的内部电流、角动量和外磁场响应。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "三通道电荷投影尚不是磁矩计算。",
"independent_derivation": "没有独立 ASD 数值。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "CODATA 2022 full adjustment · NIST"
},
{
"id": "mat-proton-radius",
"name": "质子电荷半径",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "CODATA 2022 调整值：rp = 0.84075(64) fm；不同数据子集存在差异，需保留提取方法。",
"asd": "与实验相同定义的电荷响应和形状因子斜率；比较提取假设。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "没有稳定核与探针的联合解；三叶图外形不定义电荷半径。",
"independent_derivation": "没有；以半径定参数属于拟合。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "CODATA 2022 full adjustment · NIST"
},
{
"id": "mat-antiparticles",
"name": "反粒子对应",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "PDG 2025 汇集电子／正电子性质及质量比较约束。",
"asd": "完整共轭规则下的反电荷、相应质量和磁响应，不用单纯镜像替代。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "有相反相位与拓扑图景；完整场共轭和响应待求。",
"independent_derivation": "没有完整独立共轭解。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "PDG 2025 · Electron"
},
{
"id": "mat-pair-production",
"name": "电子对产生",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "Burke 等（1997）观测强激光／电子束条件下的正电子信号，解释为多光子成对过程。",
"asd": "阈值、反冲、截面、偏振和角分布；纳入全部参与对象。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "阈值可由给定色散与守恒条件计算；核心形成和速率未求得。",
"independent_derivation": "仅运动学条件结果；非 ASD 独有。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "Burke et al. · Multiphoton pair production (1997)"
},
{
"id": "mat-annihilation",
"name": "电子对湮灭",
"category": "PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENT",
"observed": "电子偶素衰变测量区分通道与寿命；静止自由电子对的两光子极限约为每条 511 keV。",
"asd": "通道、选择定则、速率、能谱及能量闭合；纵向额外支路须计算。",
"established": "外部实验与既有理论作为比较基准，不作为 ASD 隐藏前提。",
"numerical_difference": "尚无独立差值计算。",
"interpretation_difference": "候选本体解释；仍需定量响应。",
"distinguishes": "目前没有独立的可区分预测；需先给观测量、差值和不确定度。",
"current_status": "两光子运动学已有条件结果；反应动力学和分支比未闭合。",
"independent_derivation": "仅守恒条件计算；不能据此声称湮灭率已复现。",
"evidence_status": "UNTESTED",
"required_precision": "按引用的观测定义与误差比较；尚未得到 ASD 差值对应的所需精度。",
"source_reference": "Jinnouchi, Asai & Kobayashi · Positronium decay (2003)"
}
]
}
---
## 这是验收要求，不是 ASD 确认清单
**PHENOMENOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS · NOT YET DISCRIMINATING**。以下观测限定任何电子与质子理论必须解释什么。UNTESTED 指本轮 ASD 候选尚未获得独立定量检验，不是否定观测本身。来源采用明确标注的 CODATA 2022、PDG 2025 和单项实验版本，括号表示末位标准不确定度；具体实验置信限仍以原文为准。
SI 的精确定义常数与实验测得的无量纲关系必须分开。理论若用某项数据固定系数，就不能再把同一项当成独立预测。
## 电子性质
[CODATA 2022 · NIST](https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/wallet_2022.pdf)
[CODATA 2022 · NIST](https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/wallet_2022.pdf)
[PDG 2025 · Electron](https://pdg.lbl.gov/2025/listings/rpp2025-list-electron.pdf)
[Fan et al. · Electron magnetic moment (2023)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.13084)
[OPAL · Photon-pair measurements at LEP](https://www.weizmann.ac.il/particle/gross/publications)
## 质子性质
[CODATA 2022 · NIST](https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/wallet_2022.pdf)
[CODATA 2022 full adjustment · NIST](https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/JPCRD2022CODATA.pdf)
[CODATA 2022 full adjustment · NIST](https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/JPCRD2022CODATA.pdf)
## 反粒子与反应
[PDG 2025 · Electron](https://pdg.lbl.gov/2025/listings/rpp2025-list-electron.pdf)
[Burke et al. · Multiphoton pair production (1997)](https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.1626)
[Jinnouchi, Asai & Kobayashi · Positronium decay (2003)](https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0308030)；两光子极限的条件见[湮灭页](/theory/matter/annihilation)。
## 怎样把一项要求变成检验
先固定作用量、共享参数及校准数据，再计算独立观测量、理论误差和与既有理论的差值。只有差值超过合成不确定度并排除常规效应，才形成可区分检验。当前十一项均不标为 REPRODUCED。[首要电子解任务](/open-problems/matter/electron-solution)提供计算起点。